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| Intestinal environment health | 
| Determining how cells can transport nutrients across cell membranes | 
| Vitamin C and the absorption of dietary iron | 
| Understanding how we can sense taste | 
| Development of new genome-editing technologies | 
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| Deciphering the mechanisms behind the fast wing-beats of insects | 
| Increasing efficiency in photosynthesis | 
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| Delicious "tenobe somen" noodles | 
| Enhancement of sweeteners | 
| More efficient shrimp aquaculture | 
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| Dramatic improvements in solar utilization efficiency | 
| Basis for plant gene modification and artificial photosynthesis | 
| Revealing the secrets of photosynthesis | 
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| Comparison of meteorites to extraterrestrial materials |