XPR (X-ray Phase Retarder)
BL3 OH is permanently equipped with an X-ray phase retarder (XPR) to control the polarization of the XFEL. If you are planning an experiment using the XPR device, please be sure to contact the XFEL Utilization Division for information on the available wavelength and polarization conditions before submitting an assignment.

XPR equipment imagessThe XPR device is equipped with three types of diamond crystals to control polarization. The parameters of each diamond and the corresponding photon energies are shown below.

The calculated values of the X-ray photon energy depending on the degree of circular polarization and the transmittance are shown below for each diamond crystal.

Photon energies depending on circular polarization (pictured left) and transmittance (pictured right)The measurement results of the vertical degree of polarization and the degree of circular polarization at 11.562 keV(L3 shell absorption end of Pt)are 67% and 97% respectively.

Diamond crystal angle dependence of linear polarization (pictured left) and circular polarization (pictured right)In addition, instead of a conventional experimental arrangement in which monochromatic beams are incident on the XPR, it is possible to have a pink beam incident, then convert to a monochromatic beam after the polarization control. The following is an example of an experimental arrangement and the calculated value for the degree of circular polarization.

Example of an experimental arrangement using XPR. It includes when the pink beam is incident on the XPR then it is converted to a monochromatic beam afterwards (a), and when the monochromatic beam is incident on the XPR (b). TM: timing monitor; CCs: monochromator composed of channel-cut crystals; BM: beam monitor.

The calculated circular polarization when the pink beam is incident on the XPR and then converted to a monochromatic beam. With SACLA, using a pink beam enables the use of a timing monitor. References: K. Yamamoto et al., New J. Phys. 21, 123010 (2019).